ii-V-I Jazz Progressions

One of the most important progressions in jazz is the ii-V-I. You will find this chord progression in most jazz standards ranging from swing to bebop. In a previous jazz lesson, we learned five chord forms and applied them to a chord scale. In this lesson we are going to take those chords and play different inversions of a ii-V-I.

The chords listed in figure one are diatonic seventh chords in the key of D major. The highlighted chords indicate the major ii-V-I progression (Emi7 – A7 – Dmaj7).

Figure 1.

I. Dmaj7

II. Emi7

III. F#mi7

IV. Gmaj7

V. A7

VI. Bmi7

VII. C#mi7b5

Figure two illustrates four different ways to play a major ii-V-I progression in the key of D. The two and five chords(Emi7-A7) are unresolved and resolve to the one chord (Dmaj7).

Figure 2.

The chords listed in figure three are the diatonic seventh chords in the key of B minor. The highlighted chords indicate the minor ii-V-I progression (C#mi7b5 – F#7 – Bmi7).

Figure 3.

I. Bmi7

II. C#mi7b5

III. Dmaj7

IV. Emi7

V. F#7 (borrowed from the harmonic minor)

VI. Gmaj7

VII. A7

Figure 4 demonstrates four ways to play the minor ii-V-I progression in the key of Bm. The ii-V(C#mi7b5-F#7) chords are also unresolved and resolve to the I(Bmi7) chord.

Figure 4.

Practice and memorize these 2-5-1 chord patterns and apply them to all keys. Remember that hundreds of jazz tunes can be broken down into ii-V-I progressions, and is one of the most important tools used in jazz harmony.